Nitrogen is what gives a diamond its yellow color. Variable nitrogen concentrations affect how intensely the yellow hue is produced. In contrast, diamonds that lack nitrogen do not exhibit color because they have little to no nitrogen in them.
When yellow diamonds are beyond the D-to-Z range (colorless to light-yellow), they are classified as "Fancy" diamonds and are thus regarded to be tinted. Given a Fancy rating, the yellow diamond must to be more colorful than the Z masterstone. The six color grades Fancy Light, Fancy, Fancy Dark, Fancy Deep, Fancy Intense, and Fancy Vivid are used by the GIA Colored Diamond Grading System to categorize yellow diamonds.
The modified Cushion, Oval and radiant cut are popular fancy form for cutting yellow diamonds. Cutters do this because, when viewed from above, a diamond's cut may significantly affect how its apparent color appears. In order to increase the intensity of the diamond's face-up hue, cutters will even recut the stone.
The primary color and any secondary colors present together determine the color tone, while the intensity level determines how strong the color is. From a very faint shade to a very powerful shade, the intensity level can range, and the greater the shade, the more precious the diamond is.
To classify the diamond's intensity levels, GIA created an intensity grading system. Faint, Very Light, Light, Fancy Light, Fancy, Fancy Intense, Fancy Vivid, Fancy Deep, or Fancy Dark are the nine stages on the scale.
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